The chart above shows the per capita annualized nominal gross domestic product (GDP) in each EU state as of the second quarter of 2019 in euros, the change from the previous quarter, and the GDP one year prior. Sweden was the only state to see a drop in per capita GDP over the previous quarter.
Findings
- The difference between the state with the largest per capita GDP, Luxembourg, and the state with the smallest, Bulgaria, is €115,912.04 (up from €113,221.67 last quarter and up from €108,808.23 last year). Luxembourg and Bulgaria had the largest and smallest per capita GDP respectively both last quarter and last year.
- Luxembourg has 14.92 times the per capita GDP that Bulgaria does. The ratio of largest per capita GDP to smallest per capita GDP was up from 14.85 last quarter and down from 15.48 last year.
- The median per capita GDP in the 28 EU states is €26,443.48 (up from €26,042.42 last quarter and up from €25,614.45 last year) and the mean €33,292.87 (up from €32,916.37 the previous quarter and up from €31,815.37 last year).
- Twenty-seven states saw their per capita GDP rise in current euros from the previous quarter while one state saw its per capita GDP drop.
- All 28 states saw their per capita GDP rise in current euros from last year.
Caveats
- GDP data is from the second quarter of 2019, the first quarter of 2019, and the second quarter of 2018.
- Census data is from 2011.
- The data is seasonally adjusted in current euros.
- The data is annualized by multiplying the quarterly figure by four.
- All figures are rounded to the nearest hundredth.
Details
In absolute terms, Sweden saw the largest decrease over the previous quarter with a drop of €618.72. Luxembourg had the largest growth with a gain of €2,842.29. Year over year, Italy had the smallest increase with a gain of €148.74 while Luxembourg had the greatest increase with a gain of €7,911.85.
In relative terms, Sweden had the largest decrease over the previous quarter with a 1.22% drop in per capita GDP while Luxembourg and Ireland had the greatest increase with a 2.34% rise in per capita GDP. Year over year, Italy had the smallest increase with a 0.50% rise in per capita GDP while Bulgaria had the largest growth with a 10.75% rise in per capita GDP.
The number of states with a per capita GDP of over €75,000 went from one last year to one the previous quarter and to two this past quarter. Conversely, the number of states with a per capita GDP of less than €20,000 went from 12 last year to 10 the previous quarter and to 10 this past quarter.
Not a single state overtook another in the past quarter. Year over year, Belgium (from 9th largest per capita GDP to 8th largest), Malta (from 13th to 12th), and Estonia (from 18th to 17th) each rose one spot. Conversely, Germany (from 8th to 9th), Italy (from 12th to 13th), and Czechia (from 17th to 18th) each fell one spot.
Data
| State | Second Quarter 2018 | First Quarter 2019 | Second Quarter 2019 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 45,823.63 | 47,205 | 47,405.64 |
| Belgium | 41,680.13 | 42,487.72 | 42,916.42 |
| Bulgaria | 7,516.4 | 8,172.52 | 8,324.44 |
| Croatia | 12,036.86 | 12,350.06 | 12,471.37 |
| Cyprus | 25,554.24 | 25,798.6 | 26,216.82 |
| Czechia | 19,685.18 | 20,620.27 | 20,889.71 |
| Denmark | 53,280.31 | 54,627.64 | 55,215.85 |
| Estonia | 19,383.3 | 20,654.9 | 20,916.32 |
| Finland | 43,434.42 | 44,449.44 | 44,942.81 |
| France | 36,074.64 | 36,903.59 | 37,160.17 |
| Germany | 41,691.17 | 42,470.61 | 42,720.12 |
| Greece | 16,476.2 | 16,713.1 | 16,834.15 |
| Hungary | 13,274.51 | 14,217.46 | 14,324.01 |
| Ireland | 70,051.35 | 73,840.91 | 75,568.71 |
| Italy | 29,794.96 | 29,896.67 | 29,943.7 |
| Latvia | 13,892.96 | 14,531.92 | 14,666.7 |
| Lithuania | 14,624.84 | 15,487.84 | 15,711.52 |
| Luxembourg | 116,324.63 | 121,394.19 | 124,236.48 |
| Malta | 29,468.73 | 30,822.99 | 31,436.01 |
| Netherlands | 46,191.05 | 47,860.57 | 48,396.81 |
| Poland | 12,869.38 | 13,471.33 | 13,767.03 |
| Portugal | 19,217.42 | 19,775.65 | 19,829.41 |
| Romania | 9,831.53 | 10,497.26 | 10,672.26 |
| Slovakia | 16,540.99 | 17,216.68 | 17,344.78 |
| Slovenia | 22,259.22 | 23,222.64 | 23,367.02 |
| Spain | 25,674.66 | 26,286.23 | 26,670.14 |
| Sweden | 49,611.27 | 50,827.55 | 50,208.83 |
| United Kingdom | 38,566.39 | 39,854.96 | 40,043.23 |
Sources
Eurostat. 2019. "GDP and Main Components." Accessed November 15, 2019. https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-406779_QID_1F30ECEB_UID_-3F171EB0&layout=TIME,C,X,0;GEO,L,Y,0;UNIT,L,Z,0;S_ADJ,L,Z,1;NA_ITEM,L,Z,2;INDICATORS,C,Z,3;&zSelection=DS-406779UNIT,CP_MEUR;DS-406779INDICATORS,OBS_FLAG;DS-406779S_ADJ,SCA;DS-406779NA_ITEM,B1GQ;&rankName1=UNIT_1_2_-1_2&rankName2=INDICATORS_1_2_-1_2&rankName3=NA-ITEM_1_2_-1_2&rankName4=S-ADJ_1_2_-1_2&rankName5=TIME_1_0_0_0&rankName6=GEO_1_2_0_1&sortC=ASC_-1_FIRST&rStp=&cStp=&rDCh=&cDCh=&rDM=true&cDM=true&footnes=false&empty=false&wai=false&time_mode=NONE&time_most_recent=false&lang=EN&cfo=%23%23%23%2C%23%23%23.%23%23%23.
Eurostat. 2017. "Population on 1 January by Age Groups and Sex - Functional Urban Areas." Accessed December 11, 2017. http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en.