Gross Domestic Product by Land Area in Europe

The chart above shows economic output as it relates to land area.  The countries to the top left of the diagonal line have a gross domestic product (GDP) of over one million international dollars per square kilometer, while countries to the bottom right have a GDP that is less than one million dollars per square kilometer.  Malta, San Marino, and Luxembourg have the largest ratio of GDP to area whereas Iceland, Moldova, and Ukraine have the smallest ratio of GDP to area.

Findings

• Europe has several countries that make over 10 million international dollars per square kilometer.
• Iceland has the smallest ratio of GDP to area with an economy of just over 178,000 times that of its area in square kilometers.
• Malta has the largest ratio of GDP to area with an economy of just over 58 million times that of its area in square kilometers.
• Only Iceland has a GDP that is less than 50,000 international dollars per square kilometer.

Caveats

• A country with a large landmass and a small population is likely to have a smaller ratio, whereas a small country with a large population density can have a larger ratio.  Thus the data may not reflect how productive a country is.
• Andorra, Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Vatican City, Isle of Man, Jersey, Liechtenstein, the Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia, Monaco, Russia, and Slovakia were missing data.

Details

The countries that produce less than one million international dollars per square kilometer are either Balkan states, former Soviet republics, or Iceland or Finland.  The only former Soviet republic to make over one million international dollars per square kilometer is Lithuania.

Of the six economies that have a GDP of over one trillion international dollars (Germany, United Kingdom, France, Italy, Spain, and Poland), only the United Kingdom and Germany have a GDP per square kilometer of over 10 million international dollars.

Data

Code	Country	Area (square km)	GDP (in millions)	GDP Per Square Kilometer
IS	Iceland	100,250	17,846	178,015.0
MD	Moldova	33,851	20,207	596,939.5
UA	Ukraine	603,550	368,047	609,803.7
FI	Finland	338,145	239,662	708,755.1
ME	Montenegro	13,812	10,934	791,630.5
LV	Latvia	64,589	53,268	824,722.5
BY	Belarus	207,600	173,405	835,284.2
BA	Bosnia and Herzegovina	51,197	44,462	868,449.3
EE	Estonia	45,228	40,275	890,488.2
SE	Sweden	450,295	522,849	1,161,125.5
NO	Norway	323,802	377,100	1,164,600.6
AL	Albania	28,748	36,198	1,259,148.5
BG	Bulgaria	110,879	152,079	1,371,576.2
RS	Serbia	77,474	107,131	1,382,799.4
LT	Lithuania	65,300	90,387	1,384,180.7
HR	Croatia	56,594	100,006	1,767,077.8
RO	Romania	238,391	470,312	1,972,859.7
GR	Greece	131,957	302,150	2,289,761.1
HU	Hungary	93,028	284,266	3,055,703.7
PT	Portugal	92,090	310,651	3,373,341.3
SI	Slovenia	20,273	69,358	3,421,200.6
ES	Spain	505,370	1,768,816	3,500,041.5
PL	Poland	312,685	1,114,105	3,563,026.7
FR	France	643,801	2,833,064	4,400,527.5
CZ	Czech Republic	78,867	368,659	4,674,439.2
IE	Ireland	70,273	343,682	4,890,669.2
AT	Austria	83,871	432,424	5,155,822.6
DK	Denmark	43,094	284,040	6,591,172.8
IT	Italy	301,338	2,303,108	7,642,939.2
DE	Germany	357,022	4,134,668	11,580,989.4
GB	United Kingdom	243,610	2,905,392	11,926,407.0
CH	Switzerland	41,277	514,162	12,456,380.1
BE	Belgium	30,528	529,289	17,337,821.0
NL	Netherlands	41,543	907,619	21,847,700.0
LU	Luxembourg	2,586	63,549	24,574,245.9
SM	San Marino	61	2,093	34,311,475.4
MT	Malta	316	18,404	58,240,506.3

Sources

"Report for Selected Countries and Subjects."  https://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2017/01/weodata/weorept.aspx?pr.x=43&pr.y=19&sy=2017&ey=2017&scsm=1&ssd=1&sort=country&ds=.&br=1&c=512%2C672%2C914%2C946%2C612%2C137%2C614%2C546%2C311%2C962%2C213%2C674%2C911%2C676%2C193%2C548%2C122%2C556%2C912%2C678%2C313%2C181%2C419%2C867%2C513%2C682%2C316%2C684%2C913%2C273%2C124%2C868%2C339%2C921%2C638%2C948%2C514%2C943%2C218%2C686%2C963%2C688%2C616%2C518%2C223%2C728%2C516%2C558%2C918%2C138%2C748%2C196%2C618%2C278%2C624%2C692%2C522%2C694%2C622%2C142%2C156%2C449%2C626%2C564%2C628%2C565%2C228%2C283%2C924%2C853%2C233%2C288%2C632%2C293%2C636%2C566%2C634%2C964%2C238%2C182%2C662%2C359%2C960%2C453%2C423%2C968%2C935%2C922%2C128%2C714%2C611%2C862%2C321%2C135%2C243%2C716%2C248%2C456%2C469%2C722%2C253%2C942%2C642%2C718%2C643%2C724%2C939%2C576%2C644%2C936%2C819%2C961%2C172%2C813%2C132%2C199%2C646%2C733%2C648%2C184%2C915%2C524%2C134%2C361%2C652%2C362%2C174%2C364%2C328%2C732%2C258%2C366%2C656%2C734%2C654%2C144%2C336%2C146%2C263%2C463%2C268%2C528%2C532%2C923%2C944%2C738%2C176%2C578%2C534%2C537%2C536%2C742%2C429%2C866%2C433%2C369%2C178%2C744%2C436%2C186%2C136%2C925%2C343%2C869%2C158%2C746%2C439%2C926%2C916%2C466%2C664%2C112%2C826%2C111%2C542%2C298%2C967%2C927%2C443%2C846%2C917%2C299%2C544%2C582%2C941%2C474%2C446%2C754%2C666%2C698%2C668&s=PPPGDP&grp=0&a=.  International Monetary Fund.

US Department of State.  2017.  "The World Factbook."  Accessed September 21, 2017.  https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/fields/2147.html.