The chart above shows the per capita annualized nominal gross domestic product (GDP) in each EU state as of the second quarter of 2021 in euros, the change from the previous quarter, and the GDP one year prior. Two states saw a contraction over the previous quarter.
Findings
- The difference between the state with the largest per capita GDP, Luxembourg, and the state with the smallest, Bulgaria, is €129,791.51 (up from €127,822.38 last quarter and up from €110,391.51 last year). Luxembourg and Bulgaria had the largest and smallest per capita GDP respectively both last quarter and last year.
- Luxembourg has 15.80 times the per capita GDP that Bulgaria does. The ratio of largest per capita GDP to smallest per capita GDP was up from 15.54 last quarter and up from 15.18 last year.
- The median per capita GDP in the 28 EU states is €26,078.32 (up from €25,598.76 last quarter and up from €22,241.02 last year) and the mean €35,451.62 (up from €34,498.43 the previous quarter and up from €30,516.94 last year).
- Of the 28 states, 26 saw a rise in per capita GDP in current euros from the previous quarter while 2 saw a contraction.
- Of the 28 states, 28 saw a rise in per capita GDP in current euros from last year while 0 saw a contraction.
Caveats
- GDP data is from the second quarter of 2020, the first quarter of 2021, and the second quarter of 2021.
- Census data is from 2011.
- The data is seasonally adjusted in current euros.
- The data is annualized by multiplying the quarterly figure by four.
- All figures are rounded to the nearest hundredth.
Details
In absolute terms, Malta had the worst performance over the previous quarter with a drop of €617.85. Ireland had the best performance with a gain of €3,681.65. Year over year, Bulgaria had the worst performance with a gain of €982.93 while Luxembourg had the best performance with a gain of €20,382.93.
In relative terms, Malta had the worst performance over the previous quarter with a 1.85% drop in per capita GDP while the United Kingdom had the best performance with a 8.00% gain in per capita GDP. Year over year, Finland had the worst performance with a 8.71% gain in per capita GDP while the United Kingdom had the best performance with a 24.89% gain in per capita GDP.
The number of states with a per capita GDP of over €40,000 was 7 last year, 9 the previous quarter, and 10 this past quarter. Conversely, the number of states with a per capita GDP of less than €20,000 was 12 last year, 10 the previous quarter, and 10 this past quarter.
Czechia (went from 18th highest per capita GDP to 17th highest) rose 1 spot over the previous quarter. On the flip side, Estonia (from 17th to 18th) fell 1 spot. Year over year, Austria (7th to 6th), Belgium (9th to 8th), Czechia (18th to 17th), and Hungary (25th to 24th) rose 1 spot. Conversely, Finland (6th to 7th), Germany (8th to 9th), Estonia (17th to 18th), and Poland (24th to 25th) fell 1 spot.
Data
| State | Second Quarter 2020 | First Quarter 2021 | Second Quarter 2021 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 41,980.26 | 45,591.13 | 47,619.84 |
| Belgium | 37,573.09 | 44,015.99 | 45,164.65 |
| Bulgaria | 7,784.48 | 8,789.06 | 8,767.41 |
| Croatia | 10,480.91 | 12,574.59 | 12,678.46 |
| Cyprus | 23,409.32 | 26,550.73 | 27,123.28 |
| Czechia | 18,863.65 | 21,539.56 | 22,443.6 |
| Denmark | 53,323.26 | 57,752.04 | 59,850.15 |
| Estonia | 18,985.91 | 21,631.39 | 22,245.09 |
| Finland | 42,347.97 | 44,824.49 | 46,038.19 |
| France | 32,251.97 | 37,054.16 | 37,503.97 |
| Germany | 39,164.59 | 42,718.32 | 43,313.52 |
| Greece | 13,891.23 | 15,616.42 | 16,116.95 |
| Hungary | 12,497.76 | 14,369.88 | 15,254.18 |
| Ireland | 77,574.63 | 88,421.64 | 92,103.29 |
| Italy | 25,160.81 | 28,753.1 | 29,659.81 |
| Latvia | 13,388.77 | 15,060.02 | 15,591.79 |
| Lithuania | 15,512.21 | 16,944.31 | 17,535.28 |
| Luxembourg | 118,175.99 | 136,611.44 | 138,558.92 |
| Malta | 28,420.99 | 33,321.37 | 32,703.52 |
| Netherlands | 44,897.78 | 48,958.06 | 50,875.06 |
| Poland | 12,614.6 | 14,248.01 | 14,533.02 |
| Portugal | 17,136.67 | 19,006.76 | 19,714.17 |
| Romania | 9,866.9 | 11512 | 11,682.62 |
| Slovakia | 15,923.09 | 17,322.16 | 17,889.17 |
| Slovenia | 21,015.23 | 24,125.58 | 24,762.6 |
| Spain | 21,072.71 | 24,646.79 | 25,033.36 |
| Sweden | 47,090.77 | 54,597.91 | 55,333.5 |
| United Kingdom | 34,068.88 | 39,399.2 | 42,549.91 |
Sources
Eurostat. 2021. "GDP and Main Components." Accessed October 26, 2021. https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-406779_QID_319D4A03_UID_-3F171EB0&layout=TIME,C,X,0;GEO,L,Y,0;UNIT,L,Z,0;S_ADJ,L,Z,1;NA_ITEM,L,Z,2;INDICATORS,C,Z,3;&zSelection=DS-406779UNIT,CP_MEUR;DS-406779INDICATORS,OBS_FLAG;DS-406779NA_ITEM,B1GQ;DS-406779S_ADJ,SCA;&rankName1=UNIT_1_2_-1_2&rankName2=INDICATORS_1_2_-1_2&rankName3=NA-ITEM_1_2_-1_2&rankName4=S-ADJ_1_2_-1_2&rankName5=TIME_1_0_0_0&rankName6=GEO_1_2_0_1&sortC=ASC_-1_FIRST&rStp=&cStp=&rDCh=&cDCh=&rDM=true&cDM=true&footnes=false&empty=false&wai=false&time_mode=NONE&time_most_recent=false&lang=EN&cfo=%23%23%23%2C%23%23%23.%23%23%23.
Eurostat. 2017. "Population on 1 January by Age Groups and Sex - Functional Urban Areas." Accessed December 11, 2017. http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en.
Federal Reserve. 2021. "Foreign Exchange Rates." Accessed October 26, 2021. https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g5/.
Office for National Statistics. 2021. "Gross Domestic Product at market prices: Current price: Seasonally adjusted £m - Office for National Statistics." Accessed October 26, 2021. https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/timeseries/ybha/ukea.