Per Capita GDP by EU State, First Quarter 2021

The chart above shows the per capita annualized nominal gross domestic product (GDP) in each EU state as of the first quarter of 2021 in euros, the change from the previous quarter, and the GDP one year prior.  Six states saw a contraction over the previous quarter.

Findings

• The difference between the state with the largest per capita GDP, Luxembourg, and the state with the smallest, Bulgaria, is €125,709.41 (up from €123,843.22 last quarter and up from €115,487.91 last year).  Luxembourg and Bulgaria had the largest and smallest per capita GDP respectively both last quarter and last year.
• Luxembourg has 15.23 times the per capita GDP that Bulgaria does.  The ratio of largest per capita GDP to smallest per capita GDP was down from 15.62 last quarter and up from 14.56 last year.
• The median per capita GDP in the 28 EU states is €25,219.90 (up from €25,001.22 last quarter and down from €26,011.92 last year) and the mean €34,282.97 (up from €33,573.52 the previous quarter and up from €33,564.09 last year).
• Of the 28 states, 22 saw a rise in per capita GDP in current euros from the previous quarter while 6 saw a contraction.
• Of the 28 states, 14 saw a rise in per capita GDP in current euros from last year while 14 saw a contraction.

Caveats

• GDP data is from the first quarter of 2020, the fourth quarter of 2020, and the first quarter of 2021.
• Census data is from 2011.
• The data is seasonally adjusted in current euros.
• The data is annualized by multiplying the quarterly figure by four.
• All figures are rounded to the nearest hundredth.

Details

In absolute terms, Denmark had the worst performance over the previous quarter with a drop of €535.05.  Ireland had the best performance with a gain of €8,016.49.  Year over year, the United Kingdom had the worst performance with a drop of €1,415.93 while Luxembourg had the best performance with a gain of €10,541.58.

In relative terms, Slovakia had the worst performance over the previous quarter with a 3.00% drop in per capita GDP while Ireland had the best performance with a 9.88% gain in per capita GDP.  Year over year, Greece had the worst performance with a 4.88% drop in per capita GDP while Ireland had the best performance with a 8.85% gain in per capita GDP.

The number of states with a per capita GDP of over €40,000 was ten last year, nine the previous quarter, and nine this past quarter.  Conversely, the number of states with a per capita GDP of less than €20,000 was ten last year, ten the previous quarter, and ten this past quarter.

Belgium (went from 9th highest per capita GDP to 8th highest) and Hungary (25th to 24th) rose 1 spot over the previous quarter.  On the flip side, Germany (from 8th to 9th) and Poland (from 24th to 25th) fell 1 spot.  Year over year, Belgium (9th to 8th), Estonia (18th to 17th), and Latvia (24th to 23rd) rose 1 spot.  Conversely, Germany (8th to 9th), Czechia (17th to 18th), and Hungary (23rd to 24th) fell 1 spot.

Data

State	First Quarter 2020	Fourth Quarter 2020	First Quarter 2021
Austria	46,360.6	45,211.39	45,201.55
Belgium	42,523.72	42,359.36	43,279.31
Bulgaria	8,514.9	8,470.78	8,834.98
Croatia	12,681.36	11,873.5	12,601.82
Cyprus	26,559.78	25,143.17	25,730.01
Czechia	21,625.46	20,935.52	21,516.94
Denmark	56,748.84	57,418.48	56,883.43
Estonia	20,854.05	21,050.79	21,999.91
Finland	44,968.11	44,249.26	44,703.19
France	35,867.62	36,725.93	36,888.63
Germany	42,849.46	42,378.42	42,504.32
Greece	16,102.53	14,941.77	15,316.8
Hungary	14,631.69	13,922.84	14,415.7
Ireland	81,886.88	81,118.1	89,134.59
Italy	28,443.26	28,650.55	28,656.28
Latvia	14,510.91	14,521.13	14,672.09
Lithuania	16,339.58	16,285.07	16,944.31
Luxembourg	124,002.81	132,314	134,544.39
Malta	32,700.63	31,607.58	32,448.09
Netherlands	49,028.45	49,353.02	48,957.8
Poland	14,267.71	13,998.95	14,152.81
Portugal	19,949.38	19,595.14	19,231.15
Romania	11,414.2	11,293.69	11,615.53
Slovakia	17,025	17,700.39	17,169.2
Slovenia	22,785.61	23,142.26	23,679.57
Spain	25,464.07	24,859.27	24,709.79
Sweden	50,885.2	52,710.56	54,744.3
United Kingdom	40,802.58	38,227.75	39,386.65

Sources

Eurostat.  2021.  "GDP and Main Components."  Accessed July 21, 2021.  https://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?query=BOOKMARK_DS-406779_QID_-41E5E7A5_UID_-3F171EB0&layout=TIME,C,X,0;GEO,L,Y,0;UNIT,L,Z,0;S_ADJ,L,Z,1;NA_ITEM,L,Z,2;INDICATORS,C,Z,3;&zSelection=DS-406779UNIT,CP_MEUR;DS-406779INDICATORS,OBS_FLAG;DS-406779NA_ITEM,B1GQ;DS-406779S_ADJ,SCA;&rankName1=UNIT_1_2_-1_2&rankName2=INDICATORS_1_2_-1_2&rankName3=NA-ITEM_1_2_-1_2&rankName4=S-ADJ_1_2_-1_2&rankName5=TIME_1_0_0_0&rankName6=GEO_1_2_0_1&sortC=ASC_-1_FIRST&rStp=&cStp=&rDCh=&cDCh=&rDM=true&cDM=true&footnes=false&empty=false&wai=false&time_mode=NONE&time_most_recent=false&lang=EN&cfo=%23%23%23%2C%23%23%23.%23%23%23.

Eurostat.  2017.  "Population on 1 January by Age Groups and Sex - Functional Urban Areas."  Accessed December 11, 2017.  http://appsso.eurostat.ec.europa.eu/nui/show.do?dataset=urb_lpop1&lang=en.

Federal Reserve.  2021.  "Foreign Exchange Rates."  Accessed July 21, 2021.  https://www.federalreserve.gov/releases/g5/.

Office for National Statistics.  2021.  "Gross Domestic Product at market prices: Current price: Seasonally adjusted £m - Office for National Statistics."  Accessed July 21, 2021.  https://www.ons.gov.uk/economy/grossdomesticproductgdp/timeseries/ybha/ukea.